![]() On May 28, 1959, aboard the JUPITER AM-18, Able, a rhesus macaque, and Miss Baker, a squirrel monkey from Peru, flew a successful mission. After flying for over 1,500 miles and reaching a height of 310 miles (500 km) before returning to Earth, Gordo landed in the South Atlantic and was killed due to mechanical failure of the parachute recovery system in the rocket nose cone. On December 13, 1958, Gordo, also called Old Reliable, a squirrel monkey, survived being launched aboard Jupiter AM-13 by the US Army. Patricia and Mike, two cynomolgus monkeys, flew on May 21, 1952, and survived, but their flight was only to 26 kilometers. used for spaceflight but was below the international definition of space. ![]() Albert VI's flight surpassed the 50-mile boundary the U.S. Two of the mice also died after recovery all of the deaths were thought to be related to stress from overheating in the sealed capsule in the New Mexico sun while awaiting the recovery team. Yorick, also called Albert VI, along with 11 mouse crewmates, reached 236,000 ft (72 km, 44.7 mi) and survived the landing, on September 20, 1951, the first monkey to do so (the dogs Dezik and Tsygan had survived a trip to space in July of that year), although he died two hours later. On April 18, 1951, a monkey, possibly called Albert V, died due to parachute failure. Alberts, I, II, and IV were rhesus macaques while Albert III was a crab-eating macaque. On December 8, Albert IV, the second mammal in space, flew on the last monkey V-2 flight and died on impact after another parachute failure after reaching 130.6 km. On September 16, 1949, Albert III died below the Kármán line, at 35,000 feet (10.7 km), in an explosion of his V2. His flight reached 134 km (83 mi) – past the Kármán line of 100 km which designates the beginning of space. On June 14, 1949, Albert II survived a sub-orbital V-2 flight into space (but died on impact after a parachute failure) to become the first monkey, first primate, and first mammal in space. Albert died of suffocation during the flight and may actually have died in the cramped space capsule before launch. The first primate launched into high subspace, although not a space flight, was Albert, a rhesus macaque, who on June 11, 1948, rode a rocket flight to over 63 km (39 mi) in Earth's atmosphere on a V-2 rocket. Sam, a rhesus macaque, flew to an altitude of 88 km (55 mi) on December 4, 1959, on a NASA rocket, Little Joe 2
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